dewey



(No Model.

M. W. DEWEY. ELEGTRIG HEATING APPARATUS FOR RAILWAY SYSTEMS. No.406,890. Patented July 16', 1889.

ATTORNEYS N. Firms, PholoLilhugrilphur, Wuhinglom no.

Lin

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARK \V. DEVEY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE DEWVEYCORPORATION, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC HEATING APPARATUS FOR RAILWAY SYSTEMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 406,890, dated July 16,1889.

Application filed April 16, 1839. Serial No. 307,396- (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, MARK TV. DEWEY, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Electric Heating Apparatus for Railway Systems, of whichthe following, taken in connection with the accompanging drawings, is afull, clear, and exact description.

My invention has reference to electric railways; and it consists incertain improvements herein set forth, and shown in the accompanyingdrawings.

My invention relates to electric railways, with special reference toheating apparatus similar to that shown and described in my patent No.401,482, dated April 16, 1889.

My invention consists in the following improvement over saidapplication, viz: The heating apparatus is controlled independent of themotor for propelling the car and the condition of the circuit throughsaid motor.

In order to convert the direct current at the vehicle for operating thepropelling-motor into a heating-current for the heating device asuitable pulsator, preferably a pole-changer, must be operated. In theprior case referred to this was accomplished by continuously operatin gthe motor for propelling the car, even when the car was at rest, whichrequired suitable devices for coupling and uncoupling said motor withthe axle of the car, so that while said car was at rest the motor wasstill in operation for operating the pole-changer. For the purpose ofoperating the pulsator or pole-changer independent of the mechanism forpropelling the car, and at the same time utilizing the same current, asmall electric motor is employed connected in a shuntcircuit around thepropelling-motor and its controlling devices. A suit. blecurrent-regulator or adjustable resistance is also included in saidshunt-circuit. The pulsator and primary coil of an inductionaltransformer may either be in the same shunt with the motor or in aseparate shunt-circuit, with an adjustable resistance around both motorsand their controlling devices, preferably the latter. The heatingdevices are included in This second ary circuit is termed alow-resistance circuit, to distinguish it from the line working-circuit,which is of much higher resistance. By this arrangement of the apparatuscars not provided with the uncoupling devices hereinbefore referred tomay be equipped more easily, energy saved, especiallyin cases where thecars are required to stand at the terminus of road for long time, and avariation of the strength of current flowing to the propelling-motorwill not vary the supply of heat.

My invention also consists in forming a heating device of a portion ofthe line working-conductor in the vicinity of the car, in order to freesaid line conductor of ice, by simply including in the heating-circuitsaid portion of the line conductor by means of suitable movable contactsbearing upon the line conductor and located a distance apart or disposedone in advance of the other on the same and moved by the car while inmotion.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a sectional elevationof an electric street-car, showing circuits thereon and receiving thecurrent by a movable contact on an overhead-line Working-conductor and amovable contact 011 the track, which in this case forms thereturn-conductor. A portion of the said line conductor is shown asincluded between terminals of the heating-circuit in contact with theline conductor. Fig. 2 is a diagram view of the electrical circuitsshown in Fig. 1 slightly modified. Fig. 3 shows an ordinaryintern'iittent pulsator that may be employed in place of thepole-changers shown in the other figures in connection with its motorand circuits, and Fig. 4 is a side view of the pulsator.

Referring specifically to the drawings, A represents the vehicle or car;B and B, the supply or line working-conductors arranged along the pathof the vehicle or roadway; O, the conductor or electrical connectionwith the line conductors B and B, and E denotes the source ofelectricity.

I do not limit myself to the location of the saidline conductors, asthey may be contained in a suitable conduit beneath the road-bed,overhead, or alongside of the track. Neither do I limit myself to theform of contacts travcling on the said conductors. The motor D ispreferably designed to have the direction of rotation of its armaturereversed by reversing the current through the armature, the direction ofthe current through the field-magnet (I. of the motor remaining thesame. It will be obvious, however, that other wellknown methods ofreversing may be employed if desirable.

C represents the usual currentreverser for changing the direction ofrotation of the motor D, and C an adjustable resistance in the conductorC for controlling the speed of said motor.

F is a shunt-circuit connected with the motor-circuit C in proximity tothe travelin contacts c and e or around the motor I) and its controllingdevices 0 and C.

I is a small electric motor in said shunt-circuit for operating thepulsator.

F is an adjustable rheostat and circuit maker and breaker in saidshunt-circuit for regulating the amount of current flowing therein.

The object of pulsating the current is to transform said current, whencontinuous and direct, by means of an inductional transformer andsecondary circuit of low resistance, into an increased heating-currentor a current of lower electro-motive force and greater volume.

l is apulsatororcontinuity-preserving current pole-changer which isconnected rigidly to the shaft of the small motor and rotated thereby.The pole changer may be either connected in the shunt-circuit wit-h saidmotor, as shown in Fig. 2, or in a separate sh untcircuit J, as shown inFigs. 1 and It is preferably connected in a separate shunt from themotor I, and has an adjustable resistance and circuit-breaker J thereinto control the current flowing through the pulsator and primary coil ofthe transformer M independent of the strength of the current in theshunt l By the operation of the pole-changer the current in the portionof the shunt-circuit containing the primary coil of the transformer M isalternated.

S is the secondary circuit of the transformer, and is formed of largewire or cable. The heating devices II and Il are included in saidcircuit in series.

8 s indicate direct lowresistance shuntpaths for the current around theheating devices, that maybe closed bysuitable switches orcircuit-closers s when it is desired to cut out one of said heatingdevices independent of the other heating device in circuit, for thepurpose of supplying the interior of the car only with heat whendesired.

It will be obvious that when the current for propelling the car is of analternating character the pulsator and motor I may be dispensed with.

The dotted portion of Fig. 1 shows the ter minals of the secondarycircuit a greater distance apart on the line conductor and with themovable contact 0 between said terminals.

By this arrangement the line conductor kept clear ahead orin advance ofthe contact 0. If desirable, the said terminals may be placed in contactwith the conductor, so that both will be in advance of the trolley ormovable contact 0.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is 1. The combination, with anelectricallypropelled vehicle, working-conductors supplied with directcurrent along the path of said vehicle, conductors on the vehicle incontact with the working-conductors and the electric motor forpropelling the vehicle, and controlling devices connected with thevehicle-conductors, of a shunt-circuit of the vehicle-conductor aroundthe said motor and its controlling devices, a second electric motor andcontrolling device in said shunt-circuit, a second sluint-circuit aroundboth metors and their controlling devices, a pulsator operated by thesecond motor and primary coil of an induetional transformer in thesecond shunt-circuit, a secondary circuit of low resistance in circuitwith the secondary coil of said transformer, one or more electricheating devices included in the secondary circuit, and means for cuttingone or more of said heating devices out of circuit.

2. The combii'iation, with an electrically propelled vehicle, thesupply-conductors on the vehicle and the electric motor for propellingthe vehicle, and controlling devices connected with the saidsupply-col'iductors, of a shunt-circuit ol' the said supply-eouductors,a second electric motor in said sluint-circuit, a pulsator operated bythe second. motor,aml primarycoilof atransformer iusluint-circuit, asecondary circuit including the secondary coil of said transformer, andone or more suitable electric heating devices in said secondary circuit.

3. The combination,with a vehicle, the conductors on the vehicleconnected with a source of direct current, and a translating device andmeans for controlling the same contacted in circuit with saidconductors, of a shunt circuit around both the said translating andcontrolling devices, an electric motor in the shunt-circuit, a pulsatoroperated by the motor and primary coil of a t'ransfm'mer in shuntcircuit, a secondary circuit inell'lding the sccondary coil of thetransformer, and one or more electric heating devices in said secondarycircuit.

4:. The combination, with a vehicle, the cond uctors on the vehicleconnected with a source of direct current, and a translatin device andmeans for controlling the same in circuit with said conductors, of ashuiuseircuit around both the translating and controlling devices, anelectric motor and adjustable resistance in the sluuit-circuit, a secondsluint-cireuit around said motor and adj ustable resistance, a pulsatoroperated by the motor and a primary coil of a transformer in the secondsluint-circuit, a secondary circuit of low resistance, ii'lcluding thesecondary coil of the IlO transformer, and one or more electric heatingdevices in said secondary circuit.

5. The combination,with a vehicle, the 0011- ductors on the vehicleconnected with a source of direct current and a translating device andcontrolling devices therefor in circuit with said conductors, of ashunt-circuit around said devices, an electric motor and a rheostat inthe shunt-circuit, a second shunt-circuit around said motor andrheostat, a pulsator operated by the motor and a primary coil of a transformer in the second shunt-circuit, means for regulating the currentflowing through said primary coil, a secondary circuit of lowresistance, including a secondary coil of the transformer, and one ormore electric heating devices in said secondary circuit.

0. The combination, with an electricallypropelled vehicle,working-conductors supplied with direct current along the path of saidvehicle, conductors on the vehicle in movable contact with theworking-conductors, and the electric motor for propelling the vehicleand its controlling devices in circuit with the vchicle-conductors, of ashuntcircuit on said vehicle around the motor and its controllingdevices, a second electric motor and adjustable resistance in saidshuntcircuit, a second shunt-circuit around both motors and theircontrolling devices, a pulsa-tor operated by the second motor, a primarycoil of a transformer and regulating device in the second shunt-circuit,a secondary circuit, including the secondary coil of said transformer,and one or more electric heating devices on the vehicle in the secondarycircuit.

7. The combination, with a vehicle, working-conductors supplied withdirect current along the path of said vehicle, the conductors on thevehicle, and a translating device and controlling devices therefor incircuit with said vehicle-00nductors, of a shunt-circuit around saiddevices, an electric motor and a rheostat in the shunt-circuit, a secondsh untcircuit around said devices, motor, and rheostat, a pulsatoroperated by the motor and a primary coil of a transformer in the secondshunt-circuit, means for regulating the current flowing through saidprimary coil, a secondary circuit of low resistance, including asecondary coil of the transformer, and one or more electric heatingdevices in said secondary circuit.

8. The combin ation,with a vehicle, and a line working-conductorarranged along the path of said vehicle, of a closed electric circuit tobe moved with the vehicle, including a conductor of lower resistancethan the line conductor, movable contacts connected with the terminalsof said low-resistance conductor and in contact with the said lineworking-conductor, and a portion of the line working-conductor betweenthe terminals and supplied with electric current from a suitable source,for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination,with a vehicle, and a line working-con ductorarranged along the path of said vehicle, of a closed electric circuit tobe moved with the vehicle, including a con duct-or on the vehicle,terminals of said conductor disposed one in advance of the other and incontact with the line working-conductor, and a portion of the lineworking-conductor between the terminals, and supplied Wit-l1 electriccurrent from a suitable source, for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination, with a vehicle, and a contin uou s-line working-conductor arranged along the path of said vehicle, of a low-resistanceconductor on the vehicle supplied with electric current, terminals ofsaid vehicle-conductor disposed one in advance of the other in contactwith the line working-00nductor and the portion of the saidline-conductor between the said terminals, for the purpose set forth.

11. The combination of an electrically-propelled vehicle, acontinuous-lineworking-conductor arranged along the path of saidvehicle, an electric motor propelling said vehicle,

an electric connection between said motor and working-conductor, ashunt-circuit around the motor on the vehicle, a primary coil of atrai'isformer in said shunt-circuit, means to regulate the currentflowing through the shunt-circuit, a secondary circuit including thesecondary coil of the transformer, terminals of the secondary circuit incontact with the line conductor, and a portion of the lineworkirig-conductor between the said terminals, for the purpose setforth.

12. The combination of an electrically-propelled vehicle, a continuous-line working-coin ductor arranged along the path of saidvehicle, an electric motor propelling said vehicle, an electricconnection between said motor and working conductor, a shunt circuitaround the motor on the vehicle, a pulsator and a primary coil of atransformer in said shunt-circuit, means to regulate the current flowingthrough the shunt-circuit, a secondary circuit including the secondarycoil of the trai'isformer, terminals of the secondary circuit in contactwith the line conductor, and a portion of the line working-eonductorbetween the said terminals, for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination of an electrically-propelled vehicle, acontinuous-line working-conductor arranged along the path of said vehicle, an electric motor propelling said vehicle, an electric connectionbetween said motor and workingconductor, a shunt-circuit around themotor on the vehicle, a pulsator and a primary coil of a transformer insaid shuntcircuit, means to regulate the current flowing through theshunt-circuit, an electric motor operating the pulsator, a secondarycircuit including the secondary coil of the transformer, terminals ofthe secondary circuit in contact with the line-conductor, and a portionof the line working-conductor between the said terminals, for thepurpose set forth.

14. The combination of an electrically-propelled vehicle, acontinuous-line working-cond uctor arranged alen the path of saidvehicle, an electric motor to propel said vehicle, an electricconnection between said motor and workingconductor, a shunt-circuitaround the motor on the vehicle, a pulsator and a primary coil of atransformer in said shuntcircuit, means to regulate the current flowingthrough the shunt-circuit, an electric motor operating the pulsator, asecondary circuit includingthe secondarycoilof the transformer and aplurality of heating devices, terminals of the secondary circuit incontact with the line conductor, a portion of the line workingconductorbetween the said terminals forming one of said heating devices, andmeans for cutting in or out of circuit one of the said heatingdevicesindependent of the other heatlng device in circuit, for thepurpose set forth.

15. In an electric railway, a line workingeonductor, a travelingvehicle, an electric motor to propel said vehicle, an electricalconnection between said vehicle and workingconductor, an inductionaltransformer on the vehicle, a secondary circuit of low resistance, anelectric heater to heat said vehicle in the secondary circuit, and meansto control the current passing through the transformer independently ofthe motor.

16. In an electric railway, a line workingconductor, a travelin vehicle,an electric motor to propel said vehicle, an electrical connectionbetween said motor and working-conductor, a currenttrausformer on thevehicle in electrical connection with the worki ng-conductor, asecondary circuit of lower resistance than the working-00nd uctor, anelectric heater to heat said vehicle in the secondary circuit, and meansto control the cnrrent'passing to the transformer indepei'idently of themotor.

17. The combination of a vehicle, a line working-condnctor arrangedalong the path of said vehicle, a tral'islating device on the vehicle,an electrical connection between said translating device andworkirig-conductor, a current-transformer on. the vehicle in electricconnection with the working-conduetor, a sec ondary circuit of lowerresistance than the working conductor, an electric heater to heat saidvehicle in the secondary circuit, and means to control the currentspassing to the translating device and tl'lllSfOllllPl indepcndently ofeach other.

In testimony whereof lihavehereunto signed my name this 15th day ofApril, 1880.

MARK 'W. IDBHVEY. LL.

\Vitnesses:

0. ll. DUELL, A. l \VALZ.

